Instructional Courses

Instructional Courses

All Instructional Courses at the Copenhagen  Congress will be Free of Charge.
It is not necessary to register for these courses.

• Saturday
• Sunday
• Monday
• Tuesday

• Saturday 10 September
  08:30-09:30

• IC 1
• 
  Basic microsurgical suturing techniques for beginners Pre Requisite Course EBO Accredited

  Leader: B. Frueh | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    B. Bachmann   K. Mikek   A. Geerards        

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : This course emphasises basic microsurgical suturing techniques in open globe injuries, extracapsular cataract extraction and trabeculectomies.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : To teach beginners the basic principles of suturing and preparing them for their wetlab training / their very first case of suturing.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  K. Mikek: Importance of good suturing and good wound apposition; materials/needles; use of microscope, posture (10 mins)
  B. Frueh: Basics of suturing, skin (8 mins)
  A. Geerards: Conjunctiva, cornea (15 mins)
  B. Bachmann: Trauma, trabeculectomy, sclera (15 mins)
  B. Frueh: Glue (5 mins)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• Saturday 10 September
  10:30-12:30

• IC 2
• 
  Basic phacoemulsification (Part 1) Pre Requisite Course EBO Accredited

  Leader: K. Tjia | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    A. Chakrabarti   N. Reus           

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : This is a wetlab pre-requisite course. These courses are designed for the beginning phaco surgeon. The faculty have a wealth of experience of both phaco and teaching principles. An insight will be offered into what phaco machines do and how, as well as technical details of how to set about the safe removal of cataractous lens.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The beginning phaco surgeon should finish this course with an insight into the fundamentals of phacoemulsification, and be in a position to perform the surgery in a more structured and safe fashion.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Panel: Introduction (5 mins) K. Tjia: Basic ultrasound and fluidics (40 mins) N. Reus: Anaesthesia and potential for posterior vitreous pressure (15 mins) A. Chakrabarti: Capsulorhexis and risk for tear out and management (15 mins) K. Tjia: Hydrodissection (10 mins) N. Reus: Soft nucleus management (5 mins) and K. Tjia (15 mins) Presentations should include enough time to answer questions.
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 3
• 
  Corneal cross-linking therapy Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: K. Mikek | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    F. Hafezi   C. Koppen   D. O'Brart   T. Seiler     

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : This course will provide principles of corneal cross-linking treatment. The course will cover the history and concept behind cross-linking, laboratory studies, pharmaceutical properties of riboflavin and the role of ultraviolet irradiation. Epidemiological data, aetiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of keratoconus and other corneal ectasias will be discussed. The indications and contraindications for cross-linking therapy including details of different treatment protocols, dosage of riboflavin, and postoperative care will be covered. The result from different centers of corneal cross-linking treatment on its own and when combined with other corneal procedures will be presented. The complications of treatment, theories of corneal wound healing, indications for transepitheliall cross-linking, and finally new trends in the use of this technology will be discussed. An overview of the different technologies will be given. Corneal cross-linking therapy – wetlab. 
This course will allow participants to become familiar with cross-linking treatment. During the course the detailed information about the treatment procedure will be covered: how to make de-epithelization in different ways, installation of the riboflavin eye drops - particularly dosage, handling and testing of different UV radiation systems. 

  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : This instructional course is a pre-requisite for the 'hands-on' wetlab training session in the surgical skills transfer programme. The practical session will include:
 • All delegates will given an opportunity to practice on the different types of cross-linking systems on the market
 • 'Hands-on' training with pig eyes and operating microscope for each station
 • Two delegates per station
 • Preoperative assessment protocols,
 • Corneal anesthesia, instrumentation, steps of de-epithelization and riboflavin instillation (dosage, how many times, for how long, etc).
 • Equipment - different types of cross-linking systems and physical properties of the irradiating laser machine
 • Handling and storage of Riboflavin.
 • Postoperative care and treatment, follow-ups (how often, what to measure), management of complications to be discussed as a group. 
 • Discussions on the results of cross linking treatments.


  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  1. Introduction: aim of the instructional course together with the wetlab and introduction of the presented speakers. Kristina Mikek, Slovenia – 5 min
 2. Corneal ectasias and corneal biomechanics: corneal ectasias - epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical features, and overview of management options. Corneal biomechanics - corneal structure, possible measurement techniques in-vitro and in-vivo, limitations of current knowledge. Carina Koppen, Belgium – 20 min
 3. Review of published clinical studies: Update on RCT in London, efficacy, safety, complications, and limitations of current knowledge. David O Brart, UK – 20 min
 4. Operative techniques: Pre-operative assessment, patient counseling, the role of epithelial removal, transepithelial cross-linking, riboflavin dosage regimens, UVA exposure regimens, UV lamps and calibration, post-operative care and follow-up, complications. Kristina Mikek, Slovenia – 15 min
 5. Corneal cross-linking and refractive surgery. Theo Seiler, Switzerland – 15 min 6. PACK-CXL for infectious keratitis. Farhad Hafezi, Switzerland – 15 min

  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 4
• 
  Malpositioned lenses: optimal surgical management techniques Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: B. Malyugin | Course Level: Advanced

• Faculty:    E. Assia   A. Crandall   V. Pfeifer   K. Rosenthal   M. Tassignon  

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : The course is focused on the advanced surgical techniques in management of cataract cases complicated by the zonular weakness and zonular dialysis with the various types of capsular supporting devices. Participants will benefit from learning different IOL explantation and exchange techniques as well as the microendoscopy assisted vs conventional scleral fixation techniques.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Moderate to severe subluxation of the natural crystalline lens can be effectively treated using the conventional and modified CTRs, capsular tension segment and capsular Anchor sutured to the scleral wall. Video presentation of a series of cases will provide tips for safe and efficient surgery. Capsular peeling as a part of the technique to restore the integrity of the capsular bag will be shown in different cases of postoperative capsular contraction. The implications of torqued IOL in inducing reduction in visual quality and lenticular astigmatism will be discussed. Participants will benefit from learning the techniques of suturing various types of malpositioned IOLs to the sclera and/or to the iris in order to provide stable long-term fixation. The use of an endoscope to position the suture directly into the ciliary sulcus will be described in details.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Boris Malyugin (15 min.) Overview of the course topics. Discussion of the main reasons of IOL explantation and exchange. Microendoscopy assisted vs conventional scleral fixation techniques of different IOL models. Management of cataract cases complicated by the large zonular dialysis with the new CTR model. Discussion (5 min.) Ehud I. Assia (15 min.) Moderate to severe subluxation of the crystalline lens using the Capsular Anchor. Different malpositioned IOL suturing techniques. Combined iris- scleral IOL suturing, 4-point iris fixation techniques. Discussion (5 min.) Vladimir Pfeifer (15 min.) Iris and ciliary sulcus fixation of three-piece IOL using straight needle. Surgical tactics in natural lens subluxation. Discussion (5 min.) Kenneth J. Rosenthal (15 min.) Implications of torqued IOL in inducing reduction in visual quality and lenticular astigmatism. Original technique to suture the lens with tutoplast scleral patches to cover. The viability of secondary IOL sutured to the anterior iris surface, and the use of multifocal IOL’s in exchange. Discussion (5 min.) Marie-José Tassignon (15 min.) Dislocated IOL exchange with Bag-in-the lens implantation techniques. New CTRs. Discussion (5 min.) Alan Crandall (15 min.) Gore-Tex sutures and Cionni modified CT rings and Ahmed CT segments Discussion & Final Remarks (5 min.)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty gains financially from product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 5
• 
  Glaucoma surgery: modern perspectives

  Leader: K. Barton | Course Level: Advanced

• Faculty:    N. Anand   S. Lim   T. Shaarawy        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : This course will deal with trabeculectomy, non-penetrating filtration surgery and aqueous shunt implantation, with an introduction to newer forms of minimally invasive surgery that are on the horizon.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The purpose of this course is to describe best practice in trabeculectomy, non-penetrating filtration surgery and aqueous shunt implantation with emphasis on the steps that are essential for success.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Surgical technique – key steps and pitfall avoidance: Keith Barton: Trabeculectomy Nitin Anand: Trabeculectomy post-op care Nitin Anand: Non-penetrating surgery Sheng Lim: Aqueous shunt implantation
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 6
• 
  LASIK: basic steps for safety and great results Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: A. Kanellopoulos | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    G. Pamel   A. Sedky   A. Stojanovic   J. Vryghem     

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Didactic approach to basic principles in LASIK. Excimer technology will be analysed, as well as microkeratome function and use. Indications, methodology and technique will be approached in a basic didactic function including post-operative care and management of the most common complications. Patient selection and treatment criteria will be discussed as well. This course will focus on the novice clinician, but will reiterate the basic principles for the experienced as well.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The participants will share our experience and pearls of indications, patient selection, surgical technique and complication management for safe and effective results.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  1-Common indications for LASIK surgery are: -anisometropia -significant ametropia -intolerance of contact lens use -intolerance of spectacle use 3-Common procedures that have preceded LASIK are: 1. RK and AK, 2. PRK 3. INTACS 4. Clear lens extraction 4-LASIK for myopia, astigmatism and hyperopia a)- Indications b)-Surgical technique adaptations for specific refractive errors c)- Adjuvant medications d)- post-operative management e)-Possible complications and their management 5-LASIK patient selection a)- Indications b)-medical contraindications c)-personality dangers d)-pre-operative evaluation and refractive error 6- LASIK instrumentation-microkeratomes a)- basic principles b)-pre-operative evaluation parameters c)-Surgical technique d)-Possible complications and their management e) maintenance issues 7- LASIK instrumentation-excimer lasers a)- basic principles b)-pre-operative evaluation parametres c)-Surgical technique d)-Possible complications and their management e) maintenance issues 8-LASIK in action Step-by-step action on several procedures on tape, question-answer session and coverage of basic problemshooting with the panelists
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty travel has been funded, fully or partially, by a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 7
• 
  Conquering capsule complications

  Leader: D. Chang | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    S. Nichamin   R. Osher           

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Video cases will illustrate a spectrum of techniques for anterior and posterior capsule complications: trypan blue dye, vitreous tap for crowded anterior chamber, torn continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (CCC) options, secondary CCC enlargement, flap tear-out rescue technique, posterior CCC, rrhexis capture of the optic, early recognition of posterior chamber rupture, conversion from top/clear corneal incision to extracapsular cataract extraction, posterior polar cataracts, IOL fixation with torn anterior or posterior capsule, capsular tension ring and capsule hooks for weak zonules, small pupil/floppy iris strategies (hooks, Malyugin and other expansion rings, epinephrine, Healon 5), pars plana bimanual anterior vitrectomy (± triamcinolone), and Viscoat posterior-assisted levitation (PAL) + trap for descending nuclei.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Ophthalmologists should learn several different approaches with which to handle higher risk eyes and common surgical complications. These techniques are best taught with edited instructional videos, narrated and discussed by expert instructors.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Approximately 65 different edited video segments will systematically review techniques of preventing, recognizing, and handling complications with the anterior capsulorhexis, zonular dialysis/weak zonules, and posterior capsule rupture. David Chang: Anterior capsule complications Panel discussion during cases David Chang: Weak zonules/zonular dialysis Panel discussion during cases David Chang: Posterior capsule complications Panel discussion during cases
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 8
• 
  Therapeutic corneal refractive surgery: achieving excellent outcomes in complications after LASIK or PRK

  Leader: D. Reinstein | Course Level: Advanced

• Faculty:    T. Archer   G. Carp   S. Guglielmetti        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Refractive complications of corneal surgery after previous corneal procedures (LASIK, PRK, RK, DALK, PK etc.) will be discussed. Patient complaints and diagnostic testing must lead to a specific diagnosis in order to best choose the therapeutic course of action (Wavefront-guided, Topography-guided, Trans-epithelial PTK or others). Subjective and objective tests will be discussed in the context of obtaining a diagnosis in the various types of complication (small optical zone, decentration, irregular astigmatism, irregularly irregular surfaces etc.).
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The attendee will attain a sound understanding of the diagnostic approach and optimal therapeutic actions possible in complicated corneal refractive cases.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Timothy Archer - 25 mins - Diagnostic technology and techniques for complicated cases after refractive surgery
  Glenn Carp - 25 mins: Treatment options for small optical zone / high spherical aberration (induced night vision glare and halos)
  Glenn Carp - 25 mins: Treatment options for decentration
  Dan Reinstein - 25 mins: Treatment options for irregularly irregular astigmatism
  Stef Guglielmetti - 6 mins: Application of the LoVC protocol for trans-epithelial PTK in two cases of irregularly irregular astigmatism
  14 mins: Questions
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty has significant investment interest in a company producing, developing or supplying product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty travel has been funded, fully or partially, by a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 9
• 
  IOL calculation after refractive surgery EBO Accredited

  Leader: W. Haigis | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    J. Aramberri   K. Hoffer   D. Koch   N. Rosa   J. Stevens  

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : IOL calculation after refractive surgery is influenced by erroneous radius measurements, invalid formulas for corneal power and specific algorithms for ELP prediction in IOL formulas. Severe refractive errors may result after refractive surgery depending on the procedure applied, the type of ablation, the optical zone diameter, the amount of refractive correction and the measurement instruments used. The course will explain error sources in detail and will describe solutions. Current formulas and procedures for different clinical situations will be presented by leading experts together with clinical results.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : to enable attendees to select the proper IOL power calculation method after refractive surgery based on available clinical and measurement data.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Wolfgang Haigis: Introduction, K.J. Hoffer: IOL calculation after refractive surgery: overview, Jaime Aramberri:IOL calculation after refractive surgery: error sources, Wolfgang Haigis:IOL calculation after refractive surgery: Haigis-L formula, Nicola Rosa: IOL calculation after refractive surgery: ALMA approach, Doug Koch, MD:IOL calculation after refractive surgery: new developments, Julian Stevens MD: IOL calculation after refractive surgery: BESSt formula.
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty gains financially from product or procedure presented

• IC 10
• 
  Understanding ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) to optimise their use in cataract surgery and complications EBO Accredited

  Leader: S. Arshinoff | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:                  

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Course will consist of a slide and video presentation of rheologic properties, classification, and varied utilization techniques for different OVD types. New OVDs, recent discoveries, principles and techniques to prevent and manage complications and post operative IOP will be covered. Ample opportunity for discussion will be available.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendee will gain insight into the rheological and surgical behavior, choice, and optimal use of OVDs, which can enhance skills in surgery and complication management.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  The course will consist of slide presentation and questions to review the history, rheology, and usage techniques of OVDs. Reasons for no faculty: 'Dr. Arshinoff is the sole presenter, as the detail and rheology is best presented that way in order to cover everything in the allotted time.'
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a competing company

• Saturday 10 September
  14:30-16:30

• IC 11
• 
  LASIK: update with surgical tips in primary and secondary cases – basic comparison with surface ablation technique Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: D. Elies Amat | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    F. Malecaze   J. Gaytan-Melicoff   A. Marinho   J. Aramberri     

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : LASIK for correcting refractive errors is the most common and widely accepted refractive surgery. This course will provide basic and fundamental information about the special characteristics of LASIK, compared with PRK, as well as the new femtosecond-assisted refractive correction (FLEX and Smile procedures) the use or non-use of ethanol in surface ablation techniques and the role of wavefront-guided strategies with respect to excimer-induced higher-order aberrations will be explained. A range of complications will be identified, and compared with adverse events associated with PRK. Videos of the surgical techniques and some complications will be shown. The background information will be provided in handouts for each participant of the course.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The purpose of this course is to describe best practice in LASIK corneal refractive surgery, compared with PRK and femtosecond lenticule extraction techniques, emphasizing on the steps that are essential for success. The course will cover the indications and patient selection criteria for these three procedures, and discuss in detail the modern surface ablation compared to LASIK.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  0. Daniel Elies - Introduction: Outline and main goals of the course 5'
  1. Antonio Marinho - Preoperative evaluation: “What are the critical evaluations and considerations before the surgery? The limits on corneal ablation techniques”. 15'
  2. Francois Malecaze - LASIK surgical technique: basics “step by step” tricks. 15'
  3. Jaime Aramberri - PRK: Basic comparison (advantages-disadvantages) between LASIK and surface ablation techniques. 20'
  4. Daniel Elies - How to handle the main and most common peroperative complications for basic LASIK surgery. Some coments on femto-LASIK and SMILE techniques. 20'
  5. Javier Gaytan - Main surgical tips with the different approaches for LASIK reoperations) 15'
  All: Guided discussion. Question and answers from the audience. 30'
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 12
• 
  Basic phacoemulsification (Part 2) Pre Requisite Course EBO Accredited

  Leader: N. Reus | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    A. Chakrabarti   K. Tjia           

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : These courses are designed for the beginning phaco surgeon. The faculty have a wealth of experience of both phaco and teaching principles. An insight will be offered into what phaco machines do and how, as well as technical details of how to set about the safe removal of cataractous lens.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The beginning phaco surgeon should finish this course with an insight into the fundamentals of phacoemulsification, and be in a position to perform the surgery in a more structured and safe fashion.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  N. Reus: Nucleus management, medium cataract, crack techniques (20 mins) N. Reus: Nucleus management, hard cataracts, introduction to chop techniques (10 mins) A. Chakrabarti: Nucleus management, hard cataracts, personal chop techniques (20 mins) A. Chakrabarti: Mature cataracts (10 mins) K. Tjia: Nucleus management, hard cataracts, manual chop techniques (10 mins) A. Chakrabarti: Small pupil management (20 mins) K. Tjia: Posterior capsule rupture management (20 mins) Panel: Questions and answers (10 mins)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 13
• 
  PRK, LASEK and Epi-LASIK Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: D. Epstein | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    I. Pallikaris              

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : The special characteristics of PRK, LASEK and Epi-LASIK as well as the use or non-use of ethanol will be elucidated. The role of wavefront-guided strategies with respect to excimer-induced higher-order aberrations will be demonstrated. Outcomes achievable with cutting-edge technology will also be presented. A range of complications will be identified, and compared with adverse events associated with LASIK. Brief videos of the surgical techniques will be shown.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The course will cover the indications and patient selection criteria for these three procedures, and discuss in detail the advantages of modern surface ablation as compared to LASIK.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  D. Epstein: Basic principles (15 mins) D. Epstein: PRK (15 mins) I. Pallikaris: Advanced surface ablation (15 mins) I. Pallikaris: Epi-LASIK (15 mins) D. Epstein: Complications (15 mins) I. Pallikaris / D. Epstein: Wavefront guided ablations and other advanced techniques (15 mins) Discussion (30 mins)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 14
• 
  Microinvasive glaucoma surgery: ready for prime time? Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: K. Mansouri | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    B. Pajic   S. Dorairaj   S. Haldipurkar   T. Shaarawy   Z. Khoueir  

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : There is a plethora of new glaucoma surgery techniques, often grouped under the umbrella term 'MIGS'.
  
  This course will present an overview of new techniques and devices for minimally-invasive glaucoma surgery. The course is sub-divided in Schlemm's canal-based techniques and those that address the subconjunctival route. Indications for each technique will be discussed. Videos will illustrate surgical technique, and potential complications.
  Results and management of complications will be presented.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Provide an overview on modern glaucoma surgery techniques and enable attendees to chose the appropriate surgical technique for his skill set and setting.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Moderator: Kaweh Mansouri
  
  1. Schlemm’s canal based approaches
  - High frequency deep sclerotomy (HFDS) – the newest entrant (15’)
  Bojan Pajic, ORASIS (Reinach, Switzerland)
  
  - The developing country perspective on MIGS (15’)
  Suhas Haldipurkar, LAXMI Eye Institute (India)
  
  - Trabectome – plethora of data (15’)
  Syril Dorairaj, Mayo Clinic (Jacksonville, FL, USA)
  
  - Summary of MIGS devices (15’)
  Tarek Shaarawy, University of Geneva (Geneva, Switzerland)
  
  2. Taking the subconjunctival route
  - Why I prefer this route (15’)
  Kaweh Mansouri, Montchoisi Clinic (Lausanne, Switzerland)
  
  - Summary of MIGS devices (15’)
  Florian Ruefer, Bellevue Clinic (Kiel, Germany)
  
  
  3. Panel – 20’
  
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 15
• 
  Big Bubble, no trouble: a step-by-step approach to successful deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty with the big bubble technique

  Leader: A. El Danasoury | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    R. Fogla   S. Daya           

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Deep Anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) has many advantages over penetrating keratoplasty for corneal pathologies sparing the endothelium, the most important is preserving the recipient healthy endothelium. The big bubble (BB) technique enables the DALK surgeon to expose Descemet’s membrane in most cases, however the surgical technique is challenging and it may need a long time to be mastered by a beginner surgeon. This video based course will address the DALK surgical technique in a step by step approach, highlighting the principle, surgical pearls and possible complications at each step from trephination to suturing going through bubble injection, puncture and stromal dissection. Also indications, clinical outcome and management of postoperative complication will be discussed in details.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : At the completion of the course, attendees should be able to understand the basic surgical principles of BB-DALK, learn different techniques for safe Descemet exposure, avoid surgical pitfalls that may lead to intraoperative difficulties and prevent and manage postoperative complications should they occur. The course will be conducted by an expert panel, with video based presentations that will create an interactive debate both among the speakers and audience.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Introduction to the course and the panel (2 min) Alaa El Danasoury
  Big bubble DALK: techniques and overcoming surgical difficulties (Alaa Eldanasoury, 25 min)
  Discussion (10 min)
  Anatomical considerations: pre-Descemetic layer and its clinical implications. Rajesh Fogla
  Postoperative complications and their management Rajesh Fogla (25 minutes)
  Discussion (10 minutes)
  Beyond Big Bubble: Other DALK techniques when big bubble is not an option. Sheraz Daya (25 minutes)
  Discussion (10 minutes)
  
  My best 5 tips for successful DALK. Interactive discussion - All speakers and Audience (15 minutes).
  
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 16
• 
  How to improve your refractive surgery outcomes by skillful interpretation of corneal mapping EBO Accredited

  Leader: A. Cummings | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    K. Stonecipher              

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : This course describes the relationship between successful outcomes of refractive and cataract surgeries and skilful clinical interpretation of corneal imaging including Placido-based, Scheimpflug-based, wavefront and anterior OCT.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : 1. During the course, the audience will experience the skills of interpretation of corneal imaging including Placido-based, Scheimpflug-based, wavefront and anterior OCT. They will know the basics and the clinical applications of these measures in regard with refractive surgery and modern cataract surgery.
  2. At the end of the course, the audience will have the knowledge of how to obtain good and successful results, and how to avoid intra- and post-operative complications by good planning.
  3. At the end of the course, a panel discussion will allow the audience and the presenters to exchange their experience on hot topics. Clinical cases will be presented and discussed during this panel discussion.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Schedule:
  1. Twelve points to master corneal tomography: Dr. Cummings; 20 min
  2. Selection of candidates: Dr. Cummings; 20 min
  3.Avoidable complications: Prof. Stonecipher; 20 min
  4. Corneal imaging in cataract surgery: Dr. Cummings 20 min.
  5. Panel Discussion: Dr. Cummings and Prof. Stonecipher; 40 min
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 17
• 
  Mastering subluxated cataracts and IOLs: a video-based course

  Leader: A. Agarwal | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    E. Assia   G. Barrett   S. Masket        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Subluxated cataracts and IOL's can be handled using the Cionni rings, Ahmed segments, Jacob capsular hooks. The technique of glued IOL and refixation of subluxated IOL's using glue or suturing will also be covered. This will all be taught through videos.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The attendee will be able to treat subluxations of different types and get good results in such cases
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  0.00 Introduction- Amar Agarwal 0.20 Subluxated cataracts- Amar Agarwal -Subluxated IOL- Amar Agarwal 0.40 Glued IOL- Samuel Masket 1.00 Subluxated cataract- Graham Barrett 1.20 Small pupils and Subluxation - Ehud assia 1.40 Problems in subluxation- Samuel Masket 2.00 Close
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 18
• 
  Managing cataract complications and complex cataract cases

  Leader: V. Maurino | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    O. Findl   L. Fontana   B. Little        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Complex and Complicated cataract surgery management Presentations with video cases will illustrate the management of complex and complicated cataract surgery such as: • Small Pupil management • Posterior polar cataract management • Management of AC and PC tear • Dislocated lens and poor zonular support management • Cataract Surgery in compromised corneas
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : To use video cases to systematically review the management of cataract complications and complex cataract surgery. The attendees will learn the commonest and most effective techniques strategies to deal with intraoperative complications and complex cataract surgical cases.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  

 Small pupil management 15 min Cataract surgery in compromised cornea 15 min Management of AC and PC tear 20 min Dislocated cataract and zonular dialysis 20 min Posterior Polar cataract 15 minutes
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 19
• 
  Explantation and secondary IOL video course Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: C. Mehta | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    J. Bovet   K. Mehta   R. Packard   S. Arshinoff     

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Just imagine dealing with the following scenarios; OOPS, the capsules ripped, the IOL fell in! IOL power calculation went wrong! This patients aphakic in one eye, the IOL is on the ciliary body. We can safely implant and explant secondary lenses through a small incision using new IOL cutters to explant and glues, through the bag sutures and modified phakic lenses to implant the right lens. New forceps and scissor cutters safely slice the lens into 2 or 3 parts. The adventurous can even fold the lens in the eye for removal. Inserting a secondary IOL is simplified with fibrin glues, transcapsular sutures and newer fastening techniques like the hammock and other lens suspension systems. Also we can see the new spiral IOL where the haptics are in the anterior chamber and the optic is in the posterior chamber. All these techniques only in video.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : 1.How to explant an IOL safely and atraumatically by either cutting it in the anterior chamber or folding it in the anterior chamber
  2.Secondary IOL implantation techniques-this includes glued fixation,scleral haptic fixation,bag fixation itsef and anterior chamber and spiral fixation lenses
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  1. Explanting pmma and foldable lenses –personal technique (Jerome Bovet) 14 min
  2. Cutting lenses in the eye,suturing lenses through the bag (Dr Cyres Mehta) 14 min
  3. Transiridial IOL fixation (Dr Keiki Mehta) 14 min
  4. Anchor-ing 14 mins
  5. To glue or not to glue 14 mins
  6. My experience with secondary iol ‘s (Dr Richard Packard) 14 mins
  Discussions.
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 20
• 
  Toric IOLs made simple

  Leader: F. Camesasca | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    R. Bellucci   L. Mastropasqua   B. Randleman   P. Vinciguerra     

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Toric IOLs have successfully entered the armamentarium of the cataract surgeon, providing highly satisfactory results in correction of astigmatism. Still, they are not a solution for all astigmatic patients, and calculation or alignment errors may lead to repeated surgery. This course will provide an algorithm for a planned identification of the appropriate patients, understanding of total (anterior and posterior) corneal astigmatism, IOL selection, new computerized alignment devices management of intraoperative complications such as capsule rupture, as well as tips and tricks to prevent postoperative rotation. Management of misalignment and residual refractive error will be discussed.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : At the end of the course, Participants will be able to safely exploit toric IOLs advantages, reduce alignement errors and manage possible unwanted results.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  1. Introduction and presentation of the panel Fabrizio I Camesasca 5min 2. The principles of available Toric IOLs Fabrizio I Camesasca 20 min 3. Patient evaluation and understanding of astigmatism Paolo Vinciguerra 20 min 4. New devices for precise alignment of a toric IOL Bradley J Randleman 20 min 5. Evaluation and management of postoperative results Roberto Bellucci 20 min 6. Toric multifocal IOLs: patient selection and visual results Leonardo Mastropasqua 20 min 7. Management of significant residual refractive error Discussion 15 min
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• Saturday 10 September
  17:00-18:00

• IC 21
• 
  Intracorneal rings for keratoconus and post-LASIK ectasia Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: D. Touboul | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    G. Reggiani Mello   C. Roberts           

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Several studies have demonstrated that intracorneal rings are able to improve the corneal shape and visual acuity of contact lens intolerant keratoconic patients with central clear cornea. Different models are currently available. The rings may be implanted into the stroma with a conventional manual dissection, or with the help of femtosecond laser technology. They are implanted at the periphery of the cornea at two-third depth. The goals of the rings are to improve vision acuity, to prevent or delay corneal grafts and to make contact lens intolerant patients become tolerant. More than 100,000 Intacs have been implanted worldwide, with an improvement of the vision in about 80% of cases. The procedure may be used in primary corneal ectasia, keratoconus, or in cases of post-LASIK ectasia. The procedure is reversible: the rings may be removed if needed. The course will include the discussion of sequential or simultaneous rings implantation and corneal collagen cross-linking.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The attendees will be able to learn the principles, when to indicate the technique and how to diagnose and solve complications in patients with intracorneal rings. At the end of the course, the attendees will be able to participate in a surgical lab and learn how to implant the intracorneal rings.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  D. Touboul: ICRS for keratoconus and post-LASIK ectasia: basic knowledge (15 + 5 mins) C. Roberts: Biomechanical concerns hiding behind the rings insertion (15 + 5 mins) G. Mello: ICRS practice in routine: good and bad illustrated cases (15 + 5 mins)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 22
• 
  Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis: from indications to innovations Pre Requisite Course

  Leader: M. Cortina | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    J. De La Cruz   E. Arrondo   S. Hannush        

  This is a pre-requisite course for the wetlab(s):

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : With the emerging success of the Boston KPro type I keratoprosthesis as an alternative to multiple failed corneal transplant, there is a renewed interest in adequate patient selection, implantation techniques, as well as proper postoperative management. Successful keratoprosthesis surgery and retention requires a unique interaction between the corneal prosthesis and its surrounding environment. 


  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The video and case vignette based course aims to instruct the surgeon in understanding basic and advanced concepts of Boston KPro type I surgery and management. The course will also present established as well as novel methods on how to successfully approach surgery and potential postoperative complications of the KPro type I in clinical practice.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  - Introduction (1 min)
  - Preoperative evaluation – Indications, patient selection, preparing for implantation -- S. Cortina (13 min)
  - Surgical Techniques – S. Hannush (14 min)
  - Postoperative management with focus on glaucoma – E. Arrondo (14 min)
  - Postoperative complications and current challenges - J. de la Cruz (14 min)
  - Questions and answers (4 min)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 23
• 
  Learning phaco chop: pearls and pitfalls EBO Accredited

  Leader: D. Chang | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    K. Tjia              

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Phaco chop without any sculpting minimizes ultrasound time and stress on the capsular bag. This course will present pearls and strategies for learning this technique based upon the instructors’ experience in teaching phaco chop to residents. Both horizontal (Nagahara) and vertical (Quick Chop) methods of chopping will be discussed and compared.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendees will learn both variations of the phaco chop technique, their advantages in complicated cases, the instrumentation, machine parameters, and transition steps involved, and common mistakes.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  David Chang Horizontal vs Vertical Chop (20 min) David Chang Transitioning to Chop (15 min) David Chang Chopping Brunescent Nuclei (5 min) Khiun Tjia Phacodynamics (20 min)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 24
• 
  Meibomian gland dysfunction and chronic blepharitis EBO Accredited

  Leader: J. McCulley | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    S. Awwad              

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : The understanding of the role of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in chronic blepharitis and ocular surface disease is rapidly evolving. MGD can be considered one of the chronic blepharitides and is increasingly being recognized as a cause of dry eyes and ocular surface disease. Its place among the blepharitides as well as the sub groups of MGD will be discussed in detail along with the presumed pathophysiological mechanisms involved in each of the sub groups including the role of bacteria and their lipolytic exoenzymes, meibum/lipid biochemical changes, and aqueous tear evaporation. Acute phase therapy to bring the conditions under control will be presented as well as optimal long term therapy to maintain control. The role of topical therapies as well as systemic therapies will be discussed as they relate to both lid and ocular surface abnormalities.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Familiarize ophthalmologists with the place of MGD amongst the chronic blepharitides and pathophysiological mechanisms. Optimal acute phase therapies and chronic therapies to maintain control will be presented.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  I. Tear film characteristics (5 min) a) Complex molecular mix b) Instability options c) Specifics of lipid layers II. Blepharitis (5 min) a) Types b) Classification system c) MGD types in McCulley classification system III. MGD (20 min) a) Organizational chart classification system b) Alternate system c) Definition d) Approach to diagnosis e) Major types f) Clinical signs and symptoms g) Pathogenesis h) Clinical significance of MGD IV. Therapy (20 min) a) Principles of acute and maintenance therapy b) Management of MGD c) Patients needing topical antibiotic d) Patients needing systemic antibiotics e) Tear substitutions of choice f) Nutritional supplements V Conclusion (5 min) a) An integrated ocular surface complex in health and disease b) Blepharitis is better understood and better treated, but it still sucks! VI Questions and answers (5 min)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: Yes
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 25
• 
  Wavefront optics for the non-mathematician

  Leader: G. Prakash | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    V. Jhanji              

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Wavefront analysis is a fast growing essential tool in the armamentarium of the ophthalmologist. However, there is a lot of shared domain knowledge from topics from optics and mathematics, thus it is daunting task sometimes. The objective of this course is to summarize the major concepts in wavefront optics into simple, understandable medical terms and thus help increase the interpretation. The course would also look at the clinical situations where wavefront evaluation can be useful. This would not be limited to refractive surgery but to unique indications such as wound healing, ocular surface changes, keratoconus and surgical changes among others. Finally the course will look at the volume of wavefront data generally available to the specialist and help in making algorithms for interpretation
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : The course attendees can look forward to a medical interpretation of wavefront optics, with minimal mathematics and complex equations. It is meant towards increasing the understanding of wavefront disorders, various clinical conditions and the roles of wavefront optics in refractive and non refractive surgery setting. The attendees would be demonstrated the methods to gather useful information for analysis and interpretation of data from the various wavefront outputs and how this data can enhance their clinical practice.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  How much mathematics is needed? 1) Very little to understand … a lot to confuse! 2) Complex terminologies: simple explanations 3) Making sense of wavefront data: the reverse approach 4) Clinical interpretations: case based examples from refractive surgery 5) Opening horizons: non refractive surgery uses of wavefront data 6) Choosing the right data 7) Conclusion
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 26
• 
  How to use the Cybersight telemedicine program for patient consultations

  Leader: D. Neely | Course Level: Basic

• Faculty:    J. Brown              

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Cybersight is a free telemedicine and tele-education platform supported by Orbis International. Designed to support eye care providers in developing nations, Cybersight connects users with highly skilled and experienced subspecialists from around the world. This system supports patient consultations from all specialties including retina, cornea, neuro-ophthalmology, oculoplastics, genetics, glaucoma, pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, and ocular oncology as well as optometry, ophthalmic nursing and biomedical engineering. Consultations are free to the user and may be entered not only from computer terminals or laptops, but also by way of a mobile app for smartphones. This program will introduce the user to the consultative and educational features of Cybersight and we will walk through the mechanics of entering a consult into the system.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendees will learn the various features available from Cybersight, including consultation advice from subspecialists, getting answers to general ophthalmic questions, searching the existing case database, and accessing the library of instructional courses, videos, books, manuals and the eye atlas. Attendees will also go thought the step-by-step mechanics of entering a consultation and will be given the opportunity to enroll in this program on the spot.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  one hour
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: Yes
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 27
• 
  Techniques and technologies to conquer brunescent cataract

  Leader: A. Bhaumik | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    S. Bhattacharjee   A. Mohanta   S. Mitra        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Course will cover all aspects of management of brunescent cataract. This video-based course will discuss back-up strategies for brunescent cataract, basics of vertical chopping, and advanced chopping technique for a thick, large, supra hard nucleus. Course will cover proper utilization of newer technologies like active fluidics, and torsional ultrasond for hard cataracts. Course will also cover different bail-out techniques and management of brunescent cataract with other complications like subluxation, hypermaturity, etc.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendee will learn every uspect of management of Brunescent cataract . This course will demonstrate all useful techniques of chopping of thick large supra hard cataract and how to avoid complications.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  It one hour course . Topics are Back up Strategies for Supra Hard Cataract , Basics of Vertical Chopping , Multilevel chopping technique for rock hard and thick Cataract , Proper Utilisation of newer technologies like active fluidics and newer ultra sound .This also discuss techniques to bail out in case of complications .
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: Yes
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None

• IC 28
• 
  DSAEK or DMEK: how to choose the correct procedure

  Leader: J. Beltz | Course Level: Advanced

• Faculty:    M. Busin   S. Madi   P. Santorum        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : Course will use videos to explain standardized techniques for DSAEK, DMEK, and UT-DSAEK. Modifications allowing these procedures to be performed in both lens and non-lens related challenging cases will be discussed. Important factors used to determine the best EK procedure for each eye will be explained, with case histories and results presented, and time allocated for interactive discussion.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendees will learn new techniques to improve their EK surgery, as well as how to distinguish the best technique for each case.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Introduction and basic concepts: Prof Busin, 15 minutes Tissue preparation and surgical techniques: Dr Beltz, 15 minutes Case Discussions: Dr Santorum, 15 minutes Case Discussions: Dr Madi, 15 minutes
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty gains financially from product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty travel has been funded, fully or partially, by a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 29
• 
  Micro-invasive glaucoma surgery

  Leader: C. Sng | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    K. Barton   J. Garcia-Feijoo   N. Pfeiffer        

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: : The course will provide an overview of micro-invasive glaucoma surgery and the guidelines for appropriate patient selection. It will also present the techniques for implanting various micro-invasive glaucoma surgery devices (trabecular bypass devices, subconjunctival devices and suprachoroidal devices), associated surgical complications and the appropriate post-operative management. Videos will illustrate the correct surgical technique and tips to avoid common surgical pitfalls.
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendees will learn about the appropriate patient selection, surgical technique, associated complications and post-operative management for these surgical procedures.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  Overview -- clinical need and patient selection: Dr Sng, 15 minutes Trabecular bypass devices: Prof Pfeiffer, 15 minutes Subconjunctival devices: Dr Barton, 15 minutes Suprachoroidal devices: Dr Garcia-Feijoo, 15 minutes
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: One or more of the faculty gains financially from product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty research is funded, fully or partially, by a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented, One or more of the faculty receives consulting fees, retainer, or contract payments from a company producing, developing or supplying the product or procedure presented

• IC 30
• 
  Updates on the role of conventional and emerging treatments in the management of angle closure glaucoma

  Leader: D. Goh | Course Level: Intermediate

• Faculty:    C. Ho   S. Perera           

  COURSE DESCRIPTION: :
  
  Course Objective
  
  Course will discuss both the conventional and emerging options in the management of Angle Closure Glaucoma. Synopsis: Managing Angle closure glaucoma is becoming increasingly important due to high visual morbidity with serious long-term consequences of the disease process. Our understanding of the mechanisms involved in Angle Closure Glaucoma have helped shape the current management of this potentially devastating condition.The timely appropriate management is important in preventing visual loss and in preventing progression to visual loss from chronic angle closure glaucoma. Course Outline: AUDIENCE/LEVEL General Ophthalmologists/ Ophthalmology Trainees/ Glaucoma Specialists COURSE OUTLINE This course will provide a review of the latest advances in diagnosing and treating Angle Closure Glaucoma including highlighting newer imaging modalities. Our wide experience with the ophthalmological emergency of angle closure (and especially the more difficult cases in Asian eyes) place us in an ideal position in which to filter the current literature on and advise on treatment: be it medical, laser or surgical. New and emerging treatments for angle closure including : identifying new risk factors, better screening and evalaution modalities and treatment options. The place of Cataract surgery, clear lens extraction and phacoemulsification with goniosynechiolysis are also discussed. The indications for iridoplasty, laser peripheral iridotomy, lens extraction and tips on performing filtering surgery in these challenging eyes will be covered The session will be concluded with an overview of the differences between angle closure glaucoma and open angle glaucoma
  
  COURSE OBJECTIVES: : Attendees will be able to approach angle closure glaucoma management with renewed confidence, knowing when to institute various treatment options. They will be able to incorporate investigatory findings from imaging technologies into their practice.
  
  COURSE SCHEDULE:
  
  1. Introduction and Update on current and emerging technologies and strategies for managing angle closure glaucoma (20mins) 2. Standalone cataract surgery, clear lens extraction and phacoemulsification with goniosynechiolysis as emerging modalities vs Traditional Trabeculectomy or Combined Phaco-trabeculectomy. (20 mins) 3. The indications for iridoplasty, laser peripheral iridotomy, lens extraction and tips on performing filtering surgery in these challenging eyes will be covered, as well as practical differences in tackling Open and Closed angles.(15 mins)
  
  SINGLE PRODUCT COURSE: No
  
  FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None