Types and drug susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates from eye discharge samples: a retrospective analysis of 12-years' experience at Garcia de Orta Hospital in Portugal

Session Details

Session Title: Cornea
Session Date/Time: Friday 10/02/2017 | 08:30-10:00
Paper Time: 08:36
Venue: Brussels Room 0.4

First Author: S.Parreira PORTUGAL
Co Author(s): S. Barros  A. Miranda  F. Freitas   J. Diogo        

Abstract Details

Purpose:

Bacterial conjunctivitis is the most common ocular infections worldwide. The type and pattern of organisms that cause ocular infection changes over time. Although most of the forms of conjunctivitis respond to empiric antibiotic therapy, the inappropriate use of antibiotics, particularly the broad spectrum, it is associated with the development of more resistant strains. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalent bacterial agents of eye discharge and their drug susceptibility patterns to commonly used antimicrobial agents.

Setting:

This study occurred in Hospital Garcia de Orta (Institutional practice), in the Department of Ophthalmology and Microbiology Laboratory.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted at Hospital Garcia de Orta, from January 2003 to December 2014. Culture and drug susceptibility test results of patients who had eye infections were taken for analysis. Eye discharge samples were cultured on blood agar, Chocolate agar PolyViteX, MacConkey, Chapman and Sabouraud medium plates. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for isolated organisms was done using Agar disk diffusion method. The data were entered and analysed using SPSS software version 22 package

Results:

A total of 207 eye discharges were submitted for microbiological evaluation, of which 98.6% had bacterial growth. The samples were from mostly the pediatric service (70%). The most frequently isolated bacterial isolates were gram-negative bacilli (49.3%). The gram positive bacteria comprised 45.4%, and the predominant isolate was Staphylococcus aureus (37.2%). Most of the Haemophilus influenza isolates were sensitive in 78% to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, clarithromycin, tetracyclin and chloramphenicol; Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to vancomycin (100%), gentamicin (97.4%), ciprofloxacin (77.9%) and erythromycin (75%). From the total bacterial isolates, 22.7% were showed multi drug resistance (MDR) to two or more drugs.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of bacterial isolates in eye discharge was high in the study area and majority of isolates were gram-negative bacteria which is according to the demographic characteristics of our sample. Most of the bacterial isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin constituting (the last two) a plausible initial choice in the initial treatment of conjunctivitis. We observed that in the last five years there has been an increase of MRSA isolates (61.1%) as well as the resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to erythromycin (62.5%). Drug susceptibility test is important in order to prevent the increased resistance to antibiotics.

Financial Disclosure:

None